Can I re-chamber a 416 Rem Mag barrel into a 416 Taylor? I know the cartridge is shorter and the chamber would have to be cut back, rethreaded, and then cleaned up with the 416 reamer. Any issues with this?

Probably Maybe; depends on how much meat you need for a barrel shank on the action you are using and the barrel you start with. Taylor was made to fit into Mausers so is based on the 338 Win case. Give me more info and I will tell you for sure.

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Taylor was made to fit into Mausers so is based on the 338 Win case.

No, .416 Rem.Mag. uses the case of the 8 mm Remington Magnum as a parent cartridge but:

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The Taylor cartridge is simply a necked down .458 Winchester Magnum with no changes. They have the same shoulder height and angle as the .264 Winchester Magnum.

416 ruger might be better.

Bob Hagel in 1974 says that Taylor started out using 338 brass necked up to 416 but it is easier to neck down 458s than expand up 338s. In fact, Hagel called his version the 416-338. . Where do you think the .338 came from? The .458 Win. SAME case. And the 264? from the 458. and the 7mm Rem Mag? the 458. All have the same case length. ALL have the same belt and rim dimensions as the 375 H&H, from which the 8mm mag and the 416 REM was made. (blown out) 416 Ruger is a good caliber too without the belt and you have the advantage of factory brass and more powder capacity. Case length is about 2.5 inches; same as the Taylor. The 416 Taylor is easy to make and would be easy to shorten and rechamber your 416 REM barrel, if you wanted a Taylor.

Ok, I have a standard length classic stainless mod 70 action. I found a stainless Lilja barrel in 416 Rem. So I was wondering if it would be fairly simple to shorten the chamber, rethread, and clean it up with a 416 Taylor reamer?
The action is too short for a 416 Rem and I have wanted a 416 Taylor for quite some time. I am partial to wildcats.

Then you might have a short action M70; there are only longs and shorts in post 64 70s. They changed the mag boxes and ejectors and bolt stops for shorter cartridges. What caliber did it start out life as? Check the length; it might be too short for the Taylor. The "standard" length M70 is long enough for full length 375s. and of course, 416 Rems. Anyway, the chamber will certainly clean up if you have enough material for a shoulder to butt against the receiver. Easy to tell; measure the diameter of the barrel .7 inches in front of the existing shoulder. If that is at least .1 (that leaves only a .05 bearing surface so a bit more is better) bigger than the thread diameter (1 inch) then you are ok. I am sure your shank is big enough.

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The "standard" length M70 is long enough for full length 375s. and of course, 416 Rems.

Yep if it is really a short action then a taylor won't fit. If it is the long action then to me it would be easier and quicker to open ht emag box and shorten the ejector/bolt stop and leave it a 416 Rem.

This action started life as a 30-06. I converted a similar stainless classic mod 70 into a 300 H&H and the length of the opening is not as long as my 375 H&H. The magazine will hold the long rounds but you have to put the bullet up and in the chamber and then push them back and down to fit. Harder to describe than to do.It is about 1/3 inch shorter. It is not a short action ie 308. The 416 Taylor will fit the action fine. I already made dummy rounds and it appears they will fit and feed fine. Just wondering if the 416 Rem chamber can be shortened to accommodate the 416 Taylor.

I built a Taylor before the 416 Ruger came out if I had to do it over I would go with the Ruger

Comparing reamer and chamber drawings- it should work. That said however; I would do a chamber cast of the 416 Rem to measure and compare to the reamer you are going to use, surprises are nice at Christmas, not when re-chambering barrels. The Taylor is also about .360 shorter which is about 1/2 of the existing thread extension. The gunsmith who does the work will need to decide how much of an "issue" any of this will cause.

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The magazine will hold the long rounds but you have to put the bullet up and in the chamber and then push them back and down to fit.

Yep basically the ejection port is not 3.6". I fully understand sticking the point in first ans swing the rear in and back. I think everyone of my 7STWs started life as 7mags so same issue. Loading to me was second nature and never had an issue with ejections.

As has been said if you can set it back far enough the barrel "should" work. I would lay it out and see how the barrel contour will look set back .36".

For my $$ I would leave it 416 rem or 416 Ruger. More performance same number down and factory ammo. That said if you want a Tayor and the setback isn't an issue go for it.

Ok, your action will hold any length cartridge, so your options are wide open; if you really want a 416 Taylor, go for it. Do you have a reamer?