Is there any type of military bolt-gun action that is just long enough for
.308Win class cartridges? I know some Spanish short rifles and FR-7/8 is
originally chambered in .308 but I don't have much info on them.

Any ideas?

The Yugo Mausers (M-48), FN 24, all M93-96 small rings and early Turkish 1903 rifles, also have an "intermediate" length action like the rifles you named - which is just barely long enough for an 8x57 round, but perfect for the 7.65x53 round. Since your talking only 1.5 mm difference in case length between that round and the 7.62x51 (.308), I would say that action would be a nice fit.

The only perfect fit Mauser action would be a K Type sporter made for the German 8x51.

Thanks Bobster, great info.

I have three Mexican Mauser actions which I think were originally in 7 X 57 which should be about what you are looking for. I'm trying to build a Jeff Cooper Scout on one of them but can't find a Brent Clifton "scout " stock.