I watched a Red Tail Hawk go after a Great Blue Heron. Heron flies like a transport carrier, and the hawk like a fighter plane. GBH is taking it in the shorts, literally.
I suspect the hawk was chasing the GBH from a nest site. Anyway, the GBH got to a perch, and then that neck and bill, so clumsy while in flight, turns into a spear!
About two shots with the bill, and the hawk decided he was outgunned!
I think both birds had a real clear understanding of their strengths and weaknesses in a showdown. It's not like either of the was working on trial and error.